Evaluation of Ion Release from Four Dental Sealants / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The purpose of this study was to determine the ion release from four commercially available pit-and-fissure sealants [3M Clinpro,3M ConciseTM,BeautiSealant (BS),and GI FX-Ⅱ)].With each brand,18 specimens were prepared.Their fluoride release in de-ionized water was measured by fluoride electrode,while the release of silicate (Si),aluminum (A1),sodium (Na),calcium (Ca),strontium (Sr),and phosphorus (P) was measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) on days 1,3,7,14,21,and 28.The result showed that fluoride was not released from 3M ConciseTM.GI FX-Ⅱ displayed the largest fluoride release,which,however,dropped rapidly on day 3.3M Clinpro exhibited less fluoride release than GI FX-Ⅱ and BS did.At any time during the 28-day experimental period,GI FX-Ⅱ released more Na than the other sealants (P＜0.001).BS ranked the second in Na release,and a small amount of Na ions was released from the 3M Clinpro and 3M ConciseTM samples.A1 ions were only detected from BS and GI FX-Ⅱ,but not from the 3M Clinpro and 3M ConciseTM.Additionally GI FX-Ⅱ had the largest Si release among the four brands at any time during the experimental period (P＜0.001).Ca ions were detected from 3M Clinpro and 3M ConciseTM,but not from GI FX-Ⅱ.BS released more Sr than the other sealants at any time during the experimental period (P＜0.001).All the samples released similar amounts of P continuously during these 28 days.In conclusion,based on the type and the amount of ion release,BS is the best pit-and-fissure sealant among the four brands.

Evaluation of Ion Release from Four Dental Sealants / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The purpose of this study was to determine the ion release from four commercially available pit-and-fissure sealants [3M Clinpro,3M ConciseTM,BeautiSealant (BS),and GI FX-Ⅱ)].With each brand,18 specimens were prepared.Their fluoride release in de-ionized water was measured by fluoride electrode,while the release of silicate (Si),aluminum (A1),sodium (Na),calcium (Ca),strontium (Sr),and phosphorus (P) was measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) on days 1,3,7,14,21,and 28.The result showed that fluoride was not released from 3M ConciseTM.GI FX-Ⅱ displayed the largest fluoride release,which,however,dropped rapidly on day 3.3M Clinpro exhibited less fluoride release than GI FX-Ⅱ and BS did.At any time during the 28-day experimental period,GI FX-Ⅱ released more Na than the other sealants (P＜0.001).BS ranked the second in Na release,and a small amount of Na ions was released from the 3M Clinpro and 3M ConciseTM samples.A1 ions were only detected from BS and GI FX-Ⅱ,but not from the 3M Clinpro and 3M ConciseTM.Additionally GI FX-Ⅱ had the largest Si release among the four brands at any time during the experimental period (P＜0.001).Ca ions were detected from 3M Clinpro and 3M ConciseTM,but not from GI FX-Ⅱ.BS released more Sr than the other sealants at any time during the experimental period (P＜0.001).All the samples released similar amounts of P continuously during these 28 days.In conclusion,based on the type and the amount of ion release,BS is the best pit-and-fissure sealant among the four brands.

Dental caries and first permanent molar pit and fissure morphology in 7- to 8-year-old children in Wuhan, China / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

To obtain the caries experience and, plaque accumulation severity and pit and fissure morphology in first permanent molars in 7-8 children in Wuhan, as a reasonable prediction of caries risk and preventive attention in the future, a convenient sample of five primary schools in the vicinity of the Wuhan University School and Hospital of Stomatology was drawn. Two calibrated examiners orally examined all present grade 2 children in the classroom, using standard caries plaque and tooth morphology criteria. Dental caries was scored at enamel (D(2)) and dentine (D(3)) for tooth and surface level. Independent variables were age, gender and school. Data analysis used analysis of variance and t-test. The sample comprised 1 043 7- and 8-year-olds. The prevalence of dental caries in permanent dentition was 8.7% and in primary dentition, 68.7%. Mean Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth/S (DMFT/S) scores were 0.11 and 0.14, respectively. Mean dmft/s scores were 2.8 and 5.0. The d-component constituted 75% of the d(3)mft index, while enamel carious lesions constituted 36% of the total number of carious lesions (d(2,3)-component). Prevalence of medium and deep pits and fissures was 84.6%. Prevalence of medium and severe plaque accumulation was 67.4%. Prevalence of dental caries in the deciduous and permanent dentitions of 7- to 8-year-old children was high. Deep pits and fissures in high caries risk children should be sealed.

Study of dental caries and the influence of social-behavioral risk factors on dental caries of 1,080 15-year-old adolescents / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To describe the dental caries of 15-year-old adolescents in Hubei province, and to determine the influence of various social-behavioral risk factors on dental caries in the population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The survey employed a multistage, stratified, non-geometric proportional randomized sampling, representing adolescents aged 15-year-old in Hubei province. The epidemiological investigation of dental caries was made by clinical oral health examination. Oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior investigated by questionnaire.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence and mean DMFT in 1,080 15-year-old adolescents in Hubei province was 24.4% and 0.45, respectively. 11.4% of the adolescents brushed their teeth at least twice a day, 33.1% of the adolescents ever visited the dentists. A significant higher prevalence of dental caries was observed in girls (OR = 1.70). In addition, those who visit dentists and those who the scores of the consumption of sugar drink were high tended to have a higher prevalence of dental caries.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The dental caries prevalence of adolescents in Hubei province is low, but oral health habit of adolescents seems poor. Gender and consumption of sugar drink may be risk factors of dental caries.</p>

Study on maternal periodontal diseases of the relationships between porphyromonas gingivalis, serum pro-immflamatory mediators and preterm low birth weight / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the associations between periodontal diseases, presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), serum levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and preterm low birth weight (PLBW).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>60 women (30 PLBW and 30 healthy women), were recruited after postpartum within 3 days in this case-control study. Periodontal measurements including plaque index (PI), bleeding index (BI), probing pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were assessed. The subgingival plaque was collected before periodontal examination and analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the 16S rRNA gene specific to P. gingivalis, while the venous and umbilical cord blood specimens collected were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The PLBW cases had a poorer oral conditions and the presence of P. gingivalis was found in a higher proportion in the PLBW than the healthy pregnant (56.7% vs. 30.0%, P < 0.05). Both of the presence of periodontitis and P. gingivalis have been found to be associated weakly with a shorter gestational age and a lower birth weight (P < 0.05). The levels of IL-1beta, IL-6 and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) in both of the blood samples showed higer levels between the PLBW and normal groups (P < 0.01). The IL-1beta and PGE2 levels in maternal serum were higher with a severe periodontal disease in the PLBW group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There may be a possible link between periodontal diseases and PLBW.</p>

A two-year randomized clinical trial of 1.23% fluoride foam on dental caries increment in primary teeth / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of bi-annual professional application of 1.23% fluoride foam on caries reduction in the primary dentition over a two-year period.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In a double-blind, cluster-randomised, placebo-controlled trial, 392 children aged 3 - 4 years from 15 classes were randomly assigned to two groups on a school class basis. The experimental group (8 classes) received a bi-annual fluoride foam application, and the placebo control group (7 classes) received the placebo. The analysis of caries increment was based on the class as the unit of analysis. The independent-samples t tests were performed to compare the differences in caries indices at baseline and caries increments between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean caries increment in foam group was 3.8 dmfs while it was 5.0 dmfs in the placebo control group, resulting in 24.2% caries reduction (P < 0.05). The experimental group had a 37.6% caries reduction on approximal surfaces compared with the placebo control group (P < 0.01). Although the mean dmfs increment of bucco-lingual surfaces was lower in the experimental group than that in the control group, it was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). No significant difference in the mean caries increment was observed on occlusal surfaces between the two groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Bi-annual professional application of fluoride foam was effective in reducing the increment of dental caries in the primary teeth.</p>